RBI changed the stance from Neutral to Accommodative and cut the policy rates by 25bps from 6% to 5.75% (in-line with consensus expectations). The Governor clearly stated that the change in stance means “rate hikes are off the table for now”. Expect two more rate-cuts in FY20. Post 3 consecutive rate cuts (total 75bps), RBI now believes rate transmission to be faster and higher. But, not much announced to tackle system liquidity deficit and NBFC crisis.

RBI changed the stance from Neutral to Accommodative and cut the policy rates by 25bps from 6% to 5.75% (in-line with consensus expectations). The Governor clearly stated that the change in stance means “rate hikes are off the table for now”. Expect two more rate-cuts in FY20. Post 3 consecutive rate cuts (total 75bps), RBI now believes rate transmission to be faster and higher. But, not much announced to tackle system liquidity deficit and NBFC crisis.
KEY HIGHLIGHTS
- Voting consensus: Unanimous this time around

Note: PD: Dr. Pami Dua, CG: Dr. Chetan Ghate, MP: Dr. Michael Debabrata Patra, VA: Dr. Viral V. Acharya, SD: Shaktikanta Das, RD: Dr. Ravindra H. Dholakia, U: Unchanged, A: Accomodative
- Next MPC meeting scheduled from 05-07-August 19
- Uncertain global outlook: The global economic activity is losing pace, after some improvement in Q1CY19, as reflected in muted industrial activity and weak business confidence. Incoming exports and PMI numbers indicate collapse in global trade volumes, hurt by the US-China trade escalations. Adding in political turmoil in UK, Germany and Italy and Saudi-Iran tensions makes it rather scary. There are fears that major EM, Brazil might enter recession.
- Domestic economy in sluggishness: FY19 GDP growth came in at 5-yr low; Q4FY19 at 5.8% was also at 20-Q low and both below expectations. GFCF as a % of GDP cracked after 2-years of govt. investment led improvement and IIP got dragged into negative zone by Capital Goods. Consumption growth in GDP looks to be stable so far, but Auto volumes have degrown for 6 months in a row and FMCG companies have complained about weak rural demand impacting volumes. Must agree though that capacity utilization is relatively stable at 75% (above long-term averages) and PMIs in expansion zone for 22-months (though trending down). Latest IMD estimates suggest Normal Monsoon and continuing El Nino conditions.
- GDP growth revised further downwards: Weak domestic activity and slowing exports has led to Real GDP growth for FY20 to be lowered from 7.2% to 7%, with risks evenly balanced. On the positive side, decisive mandate for Modi 2.0 leads to political stability and reforms continuity as seen in buoyant stock markets. Top-up in governance can attract higher foreign capital in the form of FPI/FDI.

Note: PD: Dr. Pami Dua, CG: Dr. Chetan Ghate, MP: Dr. Michael Debabrata Patra, VA: Dr. Viral V. Acharya, SD: Shaktikanta Das, RD: Dr. Ravindra H. Dholakia, U: Unchanged, A: Accomodative
- Headline and Core Inflation diverges: Domestic Headline CPI rose to 2.92% YoY in Apr vs 2.86% in Mar, but Core CPI (excluding fuel, food) fell by 60bps to 4.5% for a 6th straight month of moderation. Inflation remains below target in several economies, though it has shown an uptick since March. RBI’s industrial outlook survey expect input cost pressures to intensify on account of higher raw material costs and salaries in Q2FY19, though, Households see a moderation over next 3 months.
- Inflation expectations of households’ survey:

Source: MPC Policy Statements, Jun-19
- MPC forward estimates of CPI: Taking the impact of recent policy rate cuts and assuming a Normal monsoon in 2019, the path of CPI inflation is revised upwards H1FY20 and downwards for H2FY20. Pickup in food inflation, weakening of domestic and external demand conditions, incomplete passthrough of Crude Oil prices to domestic retail fuel prices (due to Elections) and moderation in inflation expectations of households have played a role in determining forward estimates.

Source: MPC Policy Statements, Jun-19
- 21bps transmission after 50bps cuts: Transmission of the cumulative reduction of 50bps in the policy repo rate in February and April 2019 was 21bps to the weighted average lending rate (WALR) on fresh rupee loans. However, the WALR on outstanding rupee loans increased by 4 bps as the past loans continue to be priced at high rates. Interest rates on longer tenor money market instruments remained broadly aligned with the overnight WACR, reflecting near full transmission of the reduction in policy rate.
RBI now expects the transmission to be faster and higher post 75bps cuts in 3 consecutive meets.
RBI now expects the transmission to be faster and higher post 75bps cuts in 3 consecutive meets.
- Liquidity update: Liquidity in the system turned into an average daily surplus of ₹66,000 crore in early June after remaining in deficit during April and most of May due to restrained government spending. To manage liquidity, the RBI exercised:
- Durable liquidity injections amounting to ₹37,500 crore in Feb-19 and ₹25,000 crore in Mar-19 through open market purchase operations (OMOs). One more is lined up on June 13 for ₹15,000 crore.
- Liquidity injected under the LAF, on an average daily net basis, was ₹70,000 crore during Apr-19 and ₹33,400 crore in May-19.
- Quasi-durable liquidity infusion: Capitalizing on the weak USD in Apr, the RBI additionally conducted long-term foreign exchange buy/sell swaps of US$ 5 billion for a tenor of 3 years in Apr-19, thereby injecting durable liquidity of ₹34,874 crore into the system.
- Durable liquidity injections amounting to ₹37,500 crore in Feb-19 and ₹25,000 crore in Mar-19 through open market purchase operations (OMOs). One more is lined up on June 13 for ₹15,000 crore.
- Liquidity injected under the LAF, on an average daily net basis, was ₹70,000 crore during Apr-19 and ₹33,400 crore in May-19.
- Quasi-durable liquidity infusion: Capitalizing on the weak USD in Apr, the RBI additionally conducted long-term foreign exchange buy/sell swaps of US$ 5 billion for a tenor of 3 years in Apr-19, thereby injecting durable liquidity of ₹34,874 crore into the system.
- Market Reactions:

- High Real rates allow for more easing: Current Real rate spread between Repo rate and Headline CPI is at 2.75%, higher than the 3Yr/5Yr average of 2.5%/2.4%. However, RBI sees it from inflation expectation perspective, which is also higher by 200bps, against initially envisaged 150-175bps. Although, RBI has refused to comment a specific Real rate target, this extra space may allow it to ease more in the shortterm before inflation starts rising.
